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PHYWE ND-YAG Laser |
Learn about:
- Optical pumping
- Spontaneous emission
- Induced emission
- Inversion
- Relaxation
- Optical resonator
- Resonator modes
- Polarization
- Frequency doubling
The rate equation model for an optically pumped four-level laser system is determined. As lasing medium, a Nd-YAG (Neodymium-Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) rod has been selected which is pumped by means of a semiconductor diode laser. The IR-power output of the Nd-YAG laser is measured as a function of the optical power input and the slope efficiency as well as the threshold power are determined. Finally, a KTP-crystal is inserted into the laser cavity and frequency doubling is demonstrated. The quadratic relationship between the power of the fundamental wave and the beam power for the second harmonic is then evident.
Under radiation of light (optical pumping), transitions from ground state 1 to the upper level 4 occur. The reversed processes from state 4 to state 1 are prevented by very fast transitions from state 4 to state 3 without radiation. The laser transition takes place from level 3 into level 2, which is not thermally occupied. From here the Nd atoms relax again back to ground state 1.
Irradiation by light, which leads to the population of an otherwise empty state, is termed optical pumping. The emptying of a level occurs either with the emission of photons or without radiation. Transitions without radiation take place due to mechanical interactions such as shock or vibrations and they are also designated as relaxation. The number of transitions without radiation per second is termed the relaxation rate. Transitions in which photons are emitted occur spontaneously or are induced. Spontaneous transitions also occur without pumping processes; however, induced emissions only occur if a pumping process takes place.
Includes basic set optical pumping; sensor for measurement of beam power;Nd-YAG laser cavity mirror/holder, laser mirror; frequency doubling crystal in holder; short pass type filter plate; digital multimeter; oscilloscope, 30 MHz, 2 channels; screened BNC cable, l = 750 mm; protective glasses for Nd-YAG laser; manual on CD-ROM.
Requires, but does not include cleaning set for laser.
For your convenience this experiment is available to you as a complete set.
Everything you require to perform the activities are included in the total price.
For assistance in using your new equipment we also offer professional development (WLS1808-24) on all PHYWE line products.
For customization options and pricing please contact your local Cenco representative.
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